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Even the most demanding creative fields can have low barriers to entry. For instance, you don’t need to know how to use photo editing or video editing software to take a picture or shoot a movie on your phone. Humanity wrote brilliant literature with paper, ink, and feathers for hundreds of years before word processors. But what about video games, the most modern artistic medium?
Today, you have more options than ever for pursuing a career in game development and more ways of sharpening your skills beyond modding new Doom level WAD files. Every year, new generations of developers graduate from game design schools all over the world. Shout out to DePaul, DigiPen, Full Sail, and NYU Game Center. Still, you can teach yourself to make the game of your dreams with consumer video game development software.
(Credit: GameMaker)
Game Builder Garage
Best for Accessible, 3D Game Development
Bottom Line:
Game Builder Garage is a tremendously powerful and accessible piece of game development software that gives you the tools and guidance to make video games with ease.
PROS
- Powerful, polished 3D game development engine
- Easily understandable visual coding language
- Thorough, friendly tutorials and educational challenges
- Lets you share games with friends
- Affordably priced
CONS
- Lacks a community hub
- Workspace can become cluttered quickly
GameMaker Studio 2
Best for Serious, Aspiring Developers
Bottom Line:
Although it can be pricey, no game-development program helps you transition from an amateur to a professional better than GameMaker Studio 2.
PROS
- 2D and 3D game development
- Visual and text-based programming languages
- Lets you export to the web, mobile, PC, and consoles, including PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series S/X
- Free subscription option
- Online multiplayer
- Robust marketplace
CONS
- Expensive to publish on consoles
- Permanent licenses only for educators
Construct
Best for Developing on the Web
Bottom Line:
Construct’s capable tools, combined with its light, browser-based interface, make it one of the most flexible consumer game development programs.
PROS
- Intuitive visual programming language
- Supports JavaScript
- Export to the web, mobile, desktops, and Xbox One
- Runs in browser and saves projects to the cloud
- Marketplace for 2D graphics, sound effects, and other assets
CONS
- No 3D support
- Free version is very limited
Core
Best for Creating Free, 3D Shooters
Bottom Line:
Core is an excellent, free tool and online community for developing and sharing 3D, Unreal Engine-powered, amateur video game creations.
PROS
- Free
- Lets you create 3D games in numerous genres
- No coding knowledge required
- Earn revenue as people play your games
- Robust community support
CONS
- Creations are locked to Core’s PC ecosystem
- Many games feel more like hobbyist mods than polished products
Godot
Best for Free, Open-Source Game Development
Bottom Line:
If you can wrap your mind around its complex 2D and 3D capabilities, Godot’s free game development software surpasses far more expensive rivals in terms of raw power.
PROS
- Free and open source
- 2D and 3D game development
- Visual- and text-based programming languages
- Organized, node-based workflow
- Excellent community support
CONS
- Console porting requires third-party solutions
- Potentially steep learning curve
Twine
Best for Interactive Fiction
Bottom Line:
Twine is by far the easiest and most accessible game development tool you can get, as long as the games you want to develop are text adventures.
PROS
- Easily create interactive fiction games
- Little to no coding knowledge needed
- Potential for radical, experimental work
- Free desktop and web app
- Community resources
CONS
- Sharing games requires outside hosting service
- Altered formatting options require relearning advanced techniques
- Only built for creating games in the text-adventure niche genre
AppGameKit Studio
Best For Developing on Mobile Devices
Bottom Line:
AppGameKit Studio chops its many useful features into pieces, and they all require text-coding knowledge. Still, it’s capable game development software, especially if you take advantage of its mobile apps.
PROS
- Intuitive and organized development environment
- Lets you develop 2D and 3D games
- Free mobile apps
CONS
- Lacks a visual coding language
- Some features sold separately
- Lacks native console support
Fuze4
Best for Coding Students
Bottom Line:
Fuze4 lets Nintendo Switch owners create impressive 2D and 3D games, but the learning curve is high for making games that are ultimately locked to the platform.
PROS
- Powerful text-based code editor
- Affordable, one-time purchase
- Lets you share 2D and 3D games and assets with other Fuse4 owners
- Supports external keyboards
CONS
- No visual language
- Can’t export games to an online store
- Tedious to type without a keyboard
Stencyl
Best for Former Flash Developers
Bottom Line:
Stencyl offers an easy way to get started making games for mobile and the web, but a handful of coding and publishing limits dampen its usefulness.
PROS
- Accessible visual programming language
- Free web publishing
- Lets you make mobile games containing in-app purchases
CONS
- Can’t directly export to consoles
- No 3D support
- Barely active community asset store
Buying Guide: How to Make a Video Game: The Best Game Development Software for 2023
Choose Your Character
How do we define consumer video game development software? The programs we looked at— AppGameKit Studio, Godot, Construct, Core, Stencyl, Twine, Fuze4, and our Editors’ Choice picks GameMaker Studio 2 and Game Builder Garage—let you create fully functional video games from scratch.
Although you may learn plenty about creativity and game design from games and products like Baba Is You, Dreams, Human Resource Machine, LittleBigPlanet, Levelhead, Minecraft, Nintendo Labo, Roblox, Super Mario Maker, or a Lego Mindstorms kit, they aren’t included on this list. They don’t let you create wholly original work, and their interfaces are just a little too far removed from the real coding required to develop real games. That said, plenty of games turn coding concepts into fun puzzles, and playing good video games can spark your imagination for your own projects
We also didn’t include robust engines, the engines behind visual powerhouses like Crysis and Doom, that primarily target professional game developers at indie studios, as well as large companies. Not only are these programs typically more expensive, but they assume a baseline knowledge level that many people lack. Plus, many studios create and use proprietary engines exclusively for themselves, even after third-party rivals surpass their technology. Bethesda’s engines and EA’s Frostbite come to mind.
(Credit: Core)
The programs featured in this roundup walk beginners through the process of making a game. Once you feel confident in your skills, feel free to try out other popular engines(Opens in a new window). Unity is free with a Personal License. The ubiquitous Unreal Engine currently costs nothing, and you can check out a developer marketplace through the Epic Games Store.
Finally, we tried to focus on software that lets you create a wide variety of video games rather than a specific niche. If you only care about dating sims, fighting games, RPGs, esoteric text adventures, or machinima movies, check out Ren’Py, Mugen, RPG Maker, Inform 7, or Valve’s Source Filmmaker, respectively. We highlight Twine, because that program easily lets you make a surprisingly varied amount of games in the interactive fiction format.
(Credit: Twine)
What Kinds of Games Can You Make?
Besides Twine, the other products in this roundup let you make any kind of 2D game you can think of. For 3D development, you need a more powerful tool. Still, developers have used these engines to create everything from side-scrolling platformers to top-down shooters based on Netflix movies to the highly influential indie RPG Undertale. If you grew up playing online Flash games on sites like Newgrounds and Kongregate, you’ll recognize the look and feel of these games.
However, when it comes to features you can add to your game, not all engines are created equal. AppGameKit Studio, Core, Game Builder Garage, and Godot are capable 3D engines. GameMaker and Fuze4 offer limited support for 3D graphics. Stencyl lets you use a controller plugged into your computer, but you can’t add multiplayer to your projects. Core’s games can only be played within Core’s social PC ecosystem. Fuze4 and Game Builder Garage lock all of your projects to the Nintendo Switch. Every other tool let you publish to the web via HTML5. Twine and Construct even run in a web browser. Most subscriptions also offer tiers to publish PC games and mobile games with in-app purchase options.
As for consoles, only GameMaker sells licenses for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. GameMaker also recently added full support for the PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S. With other software, you’ll need a third-party solution to port to consoles, or be prepared to do hard, expensive, and technical porting work yourself.
PlayStation 5 vs. Xbox Series X: Next-Gen Consoles Face off This Holiday
Pay to Win
Pricing varies depending on what software you pick. Godot, and Twine are completely free. Core is free to play, but you can buy optional cosmetics and credits. Fuze4 costs $20, but you own it forever. The same goes for Game Builder Garage, which costs $30. Construct and Stencyl offer free versions, but you need to pay at least $99 per year to fully take advantage of their features and sell your games for money. AppGameKit Studio sells a $99 base version, alongside optional DLC add-ons. GameMaker has a 30-day free trial, a $99 permanent license, as well as a $1,500 annual subscription for selling your games on all three consoles. That price, while unavoidably high, may be worth it to gain access to the large and lucrative console audience.
Note that these are all standard, individual prices. Pricing can also change if you’re a company making more than a certain amount of money, or an educator looking to teach game development in the classroom. Teachers should also consider researching services just for them. Youth Digital, once an Editors’ Choice for coding classes with a focus on game design, has now become the digital curriculum Apex Learning. Even if you’re an adult, online learning services, in general, may nicely supplement your game development education.
(Credit: Twine)
Learn to Code (or Don’t)
If you want to become a serious game developer, eventually you should learn how to code. Video games consist of wonderful art, smooth animations, catchy music, and clever gameplay systems created by very talented individuals, but it’s code that binds them all together into a game. Learning code is tough, though, so what makes these programs especially convenient for consumers is how they ease you into the coding process, or make it fully optional.
With Twine, you only need to code if you want to make your game prettier or more complex by editing JavaScript or CSS. GameMaker, Game Builder Garage, Core, Stencyl, Godot, and Construct turn their code into easily understandable visual languages. Instead of writing in a specific syntax, you program your game by adding properties and modifying behaviors on objects, as well as creating events that tell the game what to do under certain conditions. Everything is just an if/then statement. If you press a button, then the character jumps. If you touch an enemy, then you die.
(Credit: Stencyl)
Heavily emphasizing a visual language makes game development much more accessible for non-technical users. At their best, visual languages also weave in more complicated concepts (such as collision masks, frame rate, and variables) that help you better transition into proper coding, and set you up for success as you take your potential professional career more seriously. These programs also let you write your own code from scratch if you want more control from the start. AppGameKit Studio and Fuze4 force you to write in code, with no visual language option. With Fuze4, you’ll need to connect a keyboard to your Nintendo Switch to avoid the annoyances of typing on its touch screen, a problem you’ll also run into with AppGameKit’s otherwise convenient mobile companion app.
By making coding simpler, these programs also free you up to focus on other vital, creative elements of game design. Use built-in image editors to draw sprites, animate them, and arrange them on the levels you build from tilesets. Synthesize your own sound effects or import music files. You’ll get deeply invested in your game much faster once you have a sense of ownership over it, and custom handmade sounds and visuals provide a more personal stamp than sterile code.
(Credit: Fuze4)
What good is art if you don’t share it with people? These engines aren’t just tools, they’re jumping-off points for users to share knowledge and resources. These programs provide helpful documentation on how to get started. Once you’ve mastered the tutorials, look to the community, on forums or through online videos, for tips on how to improve your projects.
Twine creators love swapping tricks on how to take stories to the next level. Game Builder Garage lets you share games with friends online. Fuze4 lets you download new games from strangers through the online portal. AppGameKit Studio’s DLC add-ons include demo games. GameMaker, Construct, Core, Godot, and Stencyl feature community marketplaces where you can purchase or freely download graphics, sound effects, game demos, useful code, and other assets to speed along your own development. You don’t have to limit yourself to one store or another. Indie game store itch.io also sells plenty of assets.
Why You Should Game on a PC
Don’t Beat Them, Join Them
There’s nothing wrong with simply being a fan of video games. Still, making a video game yourself will give you a greater appreciation for the hard work that goes into the wonderful video games you play. Our top picks for consumer video game development software give you the skills and tools you need to get started on your journey to become the next Amy Hennig, Shigeru Miyamoto, or Gabe Newell.
Once your game is done, sell it to the masses using a PC gaming marketplace. Then, let an influencer give it attention via a video game live streaming service.
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